Some of us have been waiting a long time to get a tid-bit of information about how Tesla has put their Model 3 battery packs together. Not because they are necessarily good (although, that they are) but because its always something rather unique.
And that it is
Full credit to Autoline Network for the content. Sandy Munroe pulled it apart and took meticulous notes.
Skip ahead to 29 minutes to see the battery, and some discussion either side of it.
Inside a Model 3 battery
- jonescg
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Inside a Model 3 battery
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
The modules seem to be getting much larger
Matt
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2007 Vectrix - 197'000km (retired)
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- jonescg
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
Some interesting observations:
It appears that the cells are all standing up in the same orientation. The negative busbar (you can see the black pen) has the fusible links connected to the side of the cell can (negative terminal) while the positive terminals are fused to the next busbar along in a similar fashion. I assume this was an effort to make manufacturing easier, as modules that big start to get quite unwieldy when flipping and rotating to terminate the opposite side.
The silicone gel stuff serves to both provide some damping to the cells against vibration, as well as acting as a thermally conductive encapsulant. Robo-pumping the goop into a battery module must be a slow process.
The silicone gloop is then used to form a thermally conductive path between the cells and the cooling loop - which is a large flat cooling plate on the top (and presumably the bottom too). It The cooling inlet tubes are still attached in the last 2 images above.
Elsewhere, there have been discussions about the holdups in the Model 3 production line, and they mentioned 'bandoleers' of cells, glued together and slapped together in the plastic tub. I can see how a CNC trying to ultrasonically weld fuse wire to the sides of the cells would struggle!
The shift to the 21700 cell format doesn't add a huge amount of energy density - the bigger volume of active material relative to the non-active material is hardly worth writing home about. But the larger axial surface area as a result of the new aspect ratio makes axial surface cooling more practical. Moreover, the process of wire-bonding to the outer rim of the cell can for the negative terminal is made easier with the larger cell - seems to have a good 2 mm of edge offset there.
Whole modules of a few thousand cells are risky - one fault and the whole thing is in trouble. They must be confident in their cell QC and wire bonding technique...
It appears that the cells are all standing up in the same orientation. The negative busbar (you can see the black pen) has the fusible links connected to the side of the cell can (negative terminal) while the positive terminals are fused to the next busbar along in a similar fashion. I assume this was an effort to make manufacturing easier, as modules that big start to get quite unwieldy when flipping and rotating to terminate the opposite side.
The silicone gel stuff serves to both provide some damping to the cells against vibration, as well as acting as a thermally conductive encapsulant. Robo-pumping the goop into a battery module must be a slow process.
The silicone gloop is then used to form a thermally conductive path between the cells and the cooling loop - which is a large flat cooling plate on the top (and presumably the bottom too). It The cooling inlet tubes are still attached in the last 2 images above.
Elsewhere, there have been discussions about the holdups in the Model 3 production line, and they mentioned 'bandoleers' of cells, glued together and slapped together in the plastic tub. I can see how a CNC trying to ultrasonically weld fuse wire to the sides of the cells would struggle!
The shift to the 21700 cell format doesn't add a huge amount of energy density - the bigger volume of active material relative to the non-active material is hardly worth writing home about. But the larger axial surface area as a result of the new aspect ratio makes axial surface cooling more practical. Moreover, the process of wire-bonding to the outer rim of the cell can for the negative terminal is made easier with the larger cell - seems to have a good 2 mm of edge offset there.
Whole modules of a few thousand cells are risky - one fault and the whole thing is in trouble. They must be confident in their cell QC and wire bonding technique...
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- jonescg
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
Looks like the cells are cooled radially - consistent with earlier reports of battery cells being glued to cooling strips like bandoleers.
http://www.motortrend.com/news/tesla-mo ... teardown-9
http://www.motortrend.com/news/tesla-mo ... teardown-9
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
I found an old battery/YouTube specialist called Jack Rickard who lectures on Tesla battery structures etc -
To suggest he’s a character is some sort of understatement:
https://youtu.be/PvCOcBynlq0
To suggest he’s a character is some sort of understatement:
https://youtu.be/PvCOcBynlq0
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
Jack is well known to most of us old-timer EVers. I don't know that I'd call him a specialist, but he's been good for the EV community. I find his blogs easier to digest than his videos.
I'll pay that one though.To suggest he’s a character is some sort of understatement:
MG ZS EV 2021 April 2021. Nissan Leaf 2012 with new battery May 2019.
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Patching PIP-4048/5048 inverter-chargers.
If you appreciate my work, you can buy me a coffee.
5650 W solar, 2xPIP-4048MS inverters, 16 kWh battery.
Patching PIP-4048/5048 inverter-chargers.
If you appreciate my work, you can buy me a coffee.
- jonescg
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
Most folks recommend changing the playback speed to 1.25 or 1.5 times.
As for the Model 3 cooling system, I have since learned that the only heat transfer medium is the extruded channel, with cells glued to it. The aluminium channel must be coated in something reasonably non-conductive (but acceptably electrically conductive) otherwise the battery will have a dead short between cell groups.
The whole lot appears to be contained inside a HDPE moulded part. Presumably the reason it's not wider than the four modules are is because of tolerance stack issues. When it's only 24 or so cells wide, it's a bit more pliable. If it was 50 or more cells, the risk of it not fitting inside another part grows larger.
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Re: Inside a Model 3 battery
I’m looking forward to the coming Tesla battery presentation, but it also involves considering delaying the purchase but at my age I can’t take much for granted by delaying.